The Arctic zone is one of the most sensitive regions of our planet. Climate changes and anthropogenic pollution have a significant impact on the natural environment, wild animals, and the living of the Arctic indigenous population. Today the whole world focuses on solving socioeconomic development problems in the context of sustainable development. This approach is critical for the Arctic zone. The Arctic is a unique region sensitive to even minor changes, so it should be treated with special attention.

Key words: Arctic, Russian Arctic zone, climate changes, environmental and hydrometeorological security, nuclear and renewable energy sources.